foreword

LCi-TA portable photosynthesis meter is the smallest and most portable photosynthesis analyzer used to measure parameters related to plant photosynthesis, such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, etc. of plant leaves. The instrument applies the IRGA (Infrared Gas Analysis) principle to accurately measure CO on the surface of the blade₂To investigate the parameters related to photosynthesis between leaves and plants based on changes in concentration and water content. Special design can be used in high humidity and high dust environments. It can be used in research and is also a great teaching instrument.

The left side of the picture shows the complete set of accessories and portable case for the photosynthesis instrument host. The picture shows the photosynthesis instrument host and handle. The right side of the picture shows the operator conducting a field experiment

application area

lResearch on Plant Photosynthetic Physiology

lResearch on Plant Stress Resistance

lResearch on Carbon Source and Carbon Sink

lThe response and mechanism of plants to global climate change

lScreening of new crop varieties

FEATURES

lEquipped with a handheld chlorophyll fluorescence analyzer and built-in with all common chlorophyll fluorescence analysis experimental programs, including two sets of fluorescence quenching analysis programs, three sets of light response curve programs, OJIP test, etc

lColor touch screen, automatically adjusts brightness according to ambient light, which is convenient for viewing data in the wild and extends battery life

lChoose either RGB (Red Green Blue) or white light source as standard

lPortable design, lightweight in size, weighing only 2.4 Kg

lMicro IRGA placed in the measuring handle greatly reduces CO₂Measurement of reaction time

lCan be used in harsh environments

lEasy interchangeability of different types of leaf chambers

lThe leaf chamber material has been carefully selected to ensure CO₂Measurement accuracy of moisture content

lLarge data storage capacity, using plug and unplug SD card

lEasy to operate, easy to maintain, and all areas of the blade chamber are easy to clean

lAdopting low-energy technology, the continuous working time of a single battery in the field can reach 10 hours

lBuilt in GPS

The above picture shows M. from the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, UK Dr. Davey's work images on algae photosynthesis research in Antarctica were selected as the first choice due to the lightweight, compact, durable, and long-lasting characteristics of the LC series photosynthetic apparatus.

TECHNICAL INDEX

lMeasurement parameters: photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO₂Concentration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, leaf chamber temperature, photosynthetically active radiation, air pressure, light response curve, etc

lHandheld chlorophyll fluorescence analyzer (optional)

1. The measurement parameters include F₀、 Ft、Fm、Fm’、QY_Ln、QY_Dn、NPQ、Qp、Rfd、RAR、Area、M₀、 More than 50 chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, including Sm, PI, ABS/RC, as well as light response curves for 3 light application programs, 2 fluorescence quenching curves, OJIP curves, etc

2. High time resolution, up to 100000 times per second, automatically drawing OJIP curves and providing 26 OJIP test measurement parameters including F₀、 Fj、Fi、Fm、Fv、Vj、Vi、Fm/F₀、 Fv/F₀、 Fv/Fm、M₀、 Area、Fix Area、Sm、Ss、N、Phi_P₀、 Psi_₀、 Phi_E₀、 Phi-D₀、 Phi_Pav、PI_Abs、ABS/RC、TR₀/RC ET₀/RC DI₀/RC and others

lCO₂Measurement range: 0-2000ppm

lCO₂Measurement resolution: 1ppm

lCO₂Adopting infrared analysis system, differential open circuit measurement system, automatic zeroing, automatic pressure and temperature compensation

lH₂OMeasurement range: 0-75 mbar

lH₂OMeasurement resolution: 0.1mbar

lH₂OMeasurement using dual laser tuned fast response water vapor sensor

lPARMeasurement range: 0-3000 μ mol m^-2s^-1

lLeaf chamber temperature: -5-50 ℃ Accuracy: ± 0.2 ℃

lLeaf temperature:- 5 - 50℃

lAir flow rate in the leaf chamber: 68-340 ml/min

lAirflow accuracy: ± 2% of the full range

lPreheating time: 5 minutes at 20 ℃

lData storage: SD card, supports up to 32GB expansion, can store 16000000 sets of typical data

lData interface: mini USB interface, RS232 standard interface

lGraphic display: Color WQVGA LCD touch screen, 480 x 272 pixels, size 95 x 53.9 mm, diagonal length 109mm, real-time graphic display of various measurement parameters

lOptional portable light source: equipped with PLU control unit, with a light control range of 0-2400 μ mol m^-2s^-1

lOptional leaf chamber

1. Wide leaf chamber: length x width of 2.5 x 2.5cm, suitable for broad-leaved and most leaf types

2. Narrow leaf chamber: length x width of 5.8 x 1cm, suitable for strip leaves with a width less than 1cm

3. Coniferous leaf chamber: approximately 69mm in length and 47mm in diameter, suitable for clustered needles (white light source)

4. Small leaf chamber: The diameter of the leaf chamber is 16.5mm, and the measured area is 2.16cm²

5. Soil respiration/small plant chamber: measuring soil respiration or photosynthesis of whole herbaceous plants below 55mm in height, with a bottom diameter of 11cm

6. Multi functional measurement room: 15 × 15 × 7cm in length, width, and height, divided into upper and lower parts. The upper part measures photosynthesis of small plants, while the lower part measures soil respiration

7. Fruit measurement room: consisting of two parts, the upper part is transparent and the lower part is made of metal. It can measure fruits with a maximum diameter of 11cm and a maximum height of 11.5cm

8. Canopy measurement room: bottom diameter 12.7cm, height 12.2cm, suitable for surface canopy

9. Fluorescence analyzer adapter: suitable for connecting multiple chlorophyll fluorescence analyzers

The above diagram, from left to right, shows the wide leaf chamber, narrow leaf chamber, LED light source, fluorescence analyzer combined leaf chamber, and small leaf chamber

The above figure shows from left to right the coniferous chamber, fruit measurement chamber, soil respiration chamber, multifunctional measurement chamber, and canopy chamber

lPower supply system: Built in 12V 2.8AH lead-acid battery, capable of working continuously for about 10 hours

lOperating environment: 5 to 45 ℃

lHost size: 240 × 125 × 140mm, 2.4Kg

lHost display parameters: Environment CO₂And water vapor; CO₂Changes in water vapor; The temperature of the leaf chamber and blades; Airflow velocity; Atmospheric pressure; Photosynthetically active radiation; Photosynthetic rate; Intercellular CO₂Concentration; Transpiration rate; Stomatal conductance; Battery status, etc

Typical applications

Leaf life span optimizes annual biomass production rather than plant photosynthetic capacity in an evergreen shrub, Marty C. et al. 2010, New Phytologist, 187(2): 407-416

This article studied the relationship between net photosynthetic capacity and leaf lifespan of Rhododendron ferrogineum (a type species of Rhododendron genus), and found that populations with older leaves have stronger photosynthetic capacity (the dark areas in the figure represent one-year and two-year leaves).

origin

Britain

Optional technical solutions

1) Composition of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence measurement system with chlorophyll fluorescence meter

2) Combined with FluorCam to form a photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging measurement system

3) Optional hyperspectral imaging for studying the spatiotemporal changes of photosynthesis from single leaf to composite canopy

4) Optional option O₂Measurement unit

5) Optional infrared thermal imaging unit for analyzing the dynamic conductivity of pores

6) Optional PSI intelligent LED light source

7) Optional handheld plant (leaf) measurement instruments such as FluorPen, SpectraPen, PlantPen, etc. can be used to comprehensively analyze the physiological and ecological characteristics of plant leaves

8) Optional ECODRONE ® Unmanned aerial vehicle platform equipped with hyperspectral and infrared thermal imaging sensors for spatiotemporal pattern investigation and research

References (only list some representative references)

1. Ahmad, I. Jabeen, N. Ziaf, J.M. Dole, M.A.S. Khan, M.A.. Bakhtavar (2017). Macronutrient application affects morphological, physiological, and seed yield attributes of Calendula officinalis L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 2017, 97:906-916, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2016-0301.

2. Elansary, H.O. Acta Physiol Plant (2017). Green roof Petunia, Ageratum, and Mentha responses to water stress, seaweeds, and trinexapac-ethyl treatments J Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39,739: 145. doi:10.1007/s11738-017-2444-3.

3. Lee T.Y., et al. (2017). Physiological responses of Populus sibirica to different irrigation regimes for reforestation in arid area. South African Journal of Botany, Volume 112, September 2017, Pages 329-335, ISSN0254-6299.

4. Magalhaes ID, Lyra GB, Souza JL, Teodora I, Cavalcante CA, Ferreira RA and Souza RC (2017). Physiology and Grain Yield of Common Beans under Evapotranspirated Water Reposition Levels. Irrigat Drainage Sys Eng 2017, 6:1 DOI: 10.4172/2168-9768.1000183.

5. Monteiro, M.V., Blanuša, T., Verhoef, A., Richardson, M., Hadley, P., Cameron, R.W.F. (2017). Functional green roofs: Importance of plant choice in maximising summertime environmental cooling and substrate insulation potential, Energy and Buildings, Available online 7 Feb 2017, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.02.011.

6. Munjonji L., Ayisi K.K., Vandewalle B., Haesaert G., Boeckx P. Haesaert G. (2017).Yield Performance, Carbon Assimilation and Spectral Response of Triticale to Water Stress. Experimental Agriculture, Vol.52, Issue 1.

7. Munjonji L., Ayisi K.K., Vandewalle B., Haesaert G., Boeckx P. (2017). Carbon Isotope Discrimination as a Surrogate of Grain Yield in Drought Stressed Triticale. In: Leal Filho

8. Pourghayoumia M. Bakhshi, D. Rahemi M., Kamgar-Haghighic A.A., Aalamid A. (2017). The physiological responses of various pomegranate cultivars to drought stress and recovery in order to screen for drought tolerance” Scientia Horticulturae. Volume 217, 15 March 2017, Pages 164-172.

9. Sakhonwasse S., Tummachai K., Nimnoy, N. (2017).Influences of LED Light Intensity on Stomatal Behavior of Three Petunia Cultivars Grown in a Semi-closed System” Environmental Control Biology, 55 (2), 93-103.

10. Yasin, N.A., Khan, W.U., Ahmad, S.R. et al. (2017). Imperative roles of halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and kinetin in improving salt tolerance and growth of black gram (Phaseolus mungo). Environ Sci Pollut Res (2017) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0761-0.

11. Chandry R., and Hoduck, K. (2018). Phytoremediatino and Physiological Effects of Mixed Heavy Metals on Poplar Hybrids. IntechOpen https://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/60715.pdf.

12. Ouledali, A., Ennajh, M., Ferrandino, A., Khemira, H., Schubert, A., Secchi, F. (2018). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on the control of stomata functioning by abscisic acid (ABA) in drought-stressed olive plants” South African Journal of Botany Vol. 121, March 2019, 152-158.

13. Tahjib-Ul-Arif, M., Siddiqui, M.N., Sohag, A.A.M. et al. J Plant Growth Regul (2018). Salicylic Acid-Mediated Enhancement of Photosynthesis Attributes and Antioxidant Capacity. Contributes to Yield Improvement of Maize Plants Under Salt Stress”.

14. Qiu, K., Xie, Y., Xu, D. et al. Braz. J. Bot (2018). Photosynthesis-related properties are affected by desertification reversal and associated with soil N and P availability”.

15. W., Belay S., Kalangu J., Menas W., Munishi P., Musiyiwa K.. Climate Change Adaptation in Africa. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham.

16. Mujahid Ali1, Choudhary Muhammad Ayyub, Muhammad Amjad and Riaz Ahmad. (2019). Evaluation of thermo-tolerance potential in cucumber genotypes under heat stress. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 56(1), 53-61; 2019 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/19.7519